1 Grunwald - Kunigaikštis Jogaila

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ZALGIRIO MŪŠIS ⬩ Lenkijos Karalius ir Lietuvos Didysis
Kunigaikštis Jogaila

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The Battle of Grunwald, Battle of Žalgiris or First Battle of Tannenberg took place on July 15, 1410, as part of the Polish-Lithuanian kingdom's war against the Teutonic Order. The alliance of the Kingdom of Poland and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, led respectively by King Ladislaus II Jagellon (Władysław Jagiełło) and Grand Duke Vytautas (Witold), crushed the Teutonic knights commanded by Grandmaster Ulrich von Jungingen. Most of the Teutonic commanders were either killed or captured. Despite the defeat, the Teutonic Knights managed to withstand the siege of Marienburg, and territorial losses at the Peace of Toruń (1411 ) were limited. Territorial disputes continued until the signing of the Peace of Lake Melno in 1422. However, the Teutonic Order never recovered from this defeat, and the financial burden of war indemnities led to internal tensions and an economic crisis in its lands. The battle marked a significant shift in power in Eastern Europe, and enabled thePolish-Lithuanian union to become the dominant political and military power in the ^region9.

The battle was one of the most important in medieval Europe, and is considered the most important victory in Polish and Lithuanian ^history10. Buoyed by Romantic nationalism, it became a symbol of resistance to invaders and a source of national pride. In the ^20th century, the battle was exploited by both Nazi and Soviet^propaganda11.

Ladislas II Jagellon ( Polish: Władysław Jagiełło, Lithuanian: Jogaila Algirdaitis), born between 1351 and 1362 in Vilnius and died on June¹, 1434 in Gródek Jagielloński, was Grand Duke of Lithuania from 1377 to 1392 and King of Poland from 1386 to 1434.

Initially a polytheist, he converted to Catholicism in 1386 on his accession to the Polish throne. With him began the ^Jagellon1 dynasty, which ruled Poland in personal union with the Grand Duchy of Lithuania for almost two ^centuries2.

Theunion of Poland and Lithuania strengthened both nations against the Teutonic Knights and the growing threat of the Grand Duchy of Moscow. In 1410, Ladislaus won a resounding victory over theTeutonic Order at the Battle of Grunwald.

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